Dr Guy Cowlishaw

• 2019– Present:  REF Science Lead
• 2022-2023: Director of Science (acting), Institute of Zoology.
• 2017–2020:  Postgraduate Tutor
• 2007–2018: Theme Leader, Institute of Zoology.
• 2004–  Present:   Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Zoology.
• 2001–2006: NERC Advanced Research Fellow, Institute of Zoology.
• 1998–2001: Research Fellow, Institute of Zoology.
• 1995–1998: ESRC Research Fellow, Anthropology, UCL.
• 1993–1995: Lecturer, Biology, UCL.
• 1989–1993: NERC PhD Student, Anthropology, University College London (UCL).
• 1986–1989:  BSc (Hons) student, Zoology, University of Bristol.

The Tsaobis Baboon Project

2021

Baniel A, Webb C, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E. (2021) The submissive pattern of post-conflict affiliation in asymmetric relationships: a test in male and sexually coerced female baboons. Animal Behaviour 175: 87-97.

Dezeure J, Baniel A, Carter AJ, Cowlishaw G, Godelle B, Huchard E. (2021) Birth timing generates reproductive trade-offs in a non-seasonal breeding primate. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288: 20210286.

Dezeure J, Dagorette J, Baniel A, Carter AJ, Cowlishaw G, Marshall HH, Martina C, Raby C, Huchard E. (2021) Developmental transitions in body color in chacma baboon infants: implications to estimate age and developmental pace. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 174: 89-102.

Martina C, Cowlishaw G, Carter AJ. (2021) Individual differences in task participation in wild chacma baboons. Animal Behaviour 172: 73-91.

Sankey D, O’Bryan L, Garnier S, Cowlishaw G, Hopkins P, Holton M, Fürtbauer I, King AJ. (2021) Consensus of travel direction is achieved by simple copying, not voting,in free-ranging goats. Royal Society Open Science 8: 201128.

2020

Carter AJ, Baniel A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E. (2020) Baboon thanatology: responses of filial and non-filial group members to infants’ corpses. Royal Society Open Science 7: 192206.

Martina C, Cowlishaw G, Carter AJ. (2020) Exploring individual variation in associative learning abilities through an operant conditioning task in wild baboons. PLoS One 15: e0230810.

2019

Baniel A, Delauney A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E (2019) Oestrous females avoid mating in front of adult male bystanders in wild chacma baboons. Royal Society Open Science 6: 181009.

O’Bryan L, Abaid N, Nakayama S, Dey T, King AJ, Cowlishaw G, Rubenstein D, Garnier S (2019) Contact calls facilitate group contraction in free-ranging goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 7: 73.

Webb CE, Baniel A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E (2019) Friend or foe: reconciliation between males and females in wild chacma baboons. Animal Behaviour 139: 37-49.

2018

Baniel A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E (2018) Jealous females? Female competition and reproductive suppression in a wild promiscuous primate. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B – Biological Sciences 285: 20181332.

Baniel A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E (2018) Context-dependence of female reproductive competition in wild chacma baboons. Animal Behaviour 139: 37-49.

Douglas CMS, Cowlishaw G, Henschel JR, Pettorelli N, Mulligan M (2018) Identifying the determinants of tree distributions along a large ephemeral river. Ecosphere 9: e02223.

2017

Baniel A, Cowlishaw G, Huchard E (2017) Male violence and sexual intimidation in a wild primate society. Current Biology 27: 2163-2168.

Lee AEG, Cowlishaw G (2017) Switching spatial scale reveals dominance-dependent social foraging tactics in a wild primate. PeerJ 5:e3462.

2016

Baniel A, Cowlishaw G & Huchard, E (2016) Stability and strength of male–female associations in a promiscuous primate society. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 70: 761–775.

Carter AJ, Ticó MT & Cowlishaw, G (2016) Sequential phenotypic constraints on social information use in wild baboons. eLife 5: e13125.

Douglas CMS, Mulligan M, Henschel JR, Pettorelli N & Cowlishaw G (2016) Widespread dieback of riparian trees on a dammed ephemeral river and evidence of local mitigation by tributary flows. PeerJ 4: e2622

Lee AEG, Ounsley JP, Coulson T, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw, G (2016) Information use and resource competition: an integrative framework. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B – Biological Sciences 283: 20152550.

2015

Carter AJ,Lee AEG, Marshall HH, Tico MT & Cowlishaw G (2015) Phenotypic assortment in wild primate networks: implications for the dissemination of information. Royal Society Open Science  2: 140444

Marshall HH, Carter AJ, Ashford A, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2015) Social effects on foraging behavior and success depend on local environmental conditions. Ecology and Evolution 5: 475–492.

2014

Castles M, Heinsohn R, Marshall HH, Lee AEG, Cowlishaw G. & Carter AJ (2014) Social networks created with different techniques are not comparable. Animal Behaviour 96: 59–67. 

Sick C, Carter AJ, Marshall HH, Knapp LA, Dabelsteen T & Cowlishaw G (2014) Evidence for varying social strategies across the day in chacma baboons. Biology Letters 10: 20140249.

Williams D, Pettorelli N, Henschel J, Cowlishaw G & Douglas C (2014) Alien tree invasion and mammal distribution along an ephemeral river in Namibia. Journal of African Ecology 52: 404-413.

2013

Carter AJ, Feeney WE, Marshall HH, Cowlishaw G & Heinsohn R (2013) Animal personality: what are behavioural ecologists measuring? Biological Reviews 88: 465–475.

Carter AJ, Marshall HH, Heinsohn R & Cowlishaw G (2013) Personality only predicts decision-making when information is unreliable. Animal Behaviour 86: 633–639.

Marshall HH, Carter AJ, Ashford A, Rowcliffe JMR & Cowlishaw G (2013) How do foragers decide when to leave a patch? A test of alternative models under natural and experimental conditions. Journal of Animal Ecology 82: 894–902.

Cowlishaw G (2013) Papio ursinus Chacma baboon. In: Mammals of Africa. Volume II: Primates (eds T. Butynski, J. Kingdon, J. Kalina), pp. 225–228. Bloomsbury: London.

Huchard E, Charpentier MJ, Marshall H, King AJ, Knapp LA & Cowlishaw G (2013) Paternal effects on access to resources in a promiscuous primate society. Behavioural Ecology 24: 229–236.

2012

Benavides J, Huchard E, Pettorelli N, King AJ, Brown ME, Archer CE, Appleton CC, Raymond M & Cowlishaw G (2012) From parasite encounter to infection: multiple-scale drivers of parasite richness in a wild social primate. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147: 52–63.

Carter AJ, Marshall HH, Heinsohn R & Cowlishaw G (2012a) Evaluating animal personalities: do observer assessments and experimental tests measure the same thing? Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 66: 153–60.

Carter AJ, Marshall HH, Heinsohn R & Cowlishaw G (2012b) How not to measure boldness: demonstration of a jingle fallacy in a wild social primate. Animal Behaviour 84: 603–609

Marshall HH, Carter AJ, Coulson T, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2012) Exploring foraging decisions in a social primate using discrete-choice models. American Naturalist 180: 481–495.

Marshall HH, Carter AJ, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G. (2012) Linking social foraging behaviour with individual time budgets and emergent group-level phenomena. Animal Behaviour 84: 1295–1305.

Rands SA, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2012) State-dependent foraging rules for social animals in selfish herds. In Anil Seth, Tony Prescott & Joanna Bryson (Eds) Modelling Natural Action Selection. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. [reprinted from Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 271: 2613–2620.]

2011

Huchard E & Cowlishaw G (2011) Female-female aggression around mating: an extra cost of sociality in a multimale primate society. Behavioural Ecology 22: 1003–1011.

King AJ, Clark FE & Cowlishaw G (2011) The dining etiquette of desert baboons: the roles of social bonds, kinship, and dominance in co-feeding networks. American Journal of Primatology 73: 768–774.

King AJ, Sueur C, Huchard E & Cowlishaw G (2011) A rule-of-thumb based on social affiliation explains collective movements in desert baboons. Animal Behaviour 82: 1337–1345.

Meise K, Keller C, Cowlishaw G & Fischer J (2011) Sources of acoustic variation: implications for production specificity and call categorization in chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) grunts. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129: 1631–1641.

2010

Célérier A, Huchard E, Alvergne A, Féjan D, Plard F, Cowlishaw G, Raymond M, Knapp LA & Bonadonna F (2010) Detective mice assess relatedness in baboons using olfactory cues. Journal of Experimental Biology 213: 1399–1405. [with commentary]

Huchard E, Alvergne A, Féjan D, Knapp LA, Cowlishaw G & Raymond M (2010) More than friends? Behavioural and genetic aspects of heterosexual associations in wild chacma baboons. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 64: 769–781.

Huchard E, Knapp LA, Wang J, Raymond M & Cowlishaw G (2010) MHC, mate choice and heterozygote advantage in a wild social primate. Molecular Ecology 19: 2545–2561.

Huchard E, Raymond M, Benavides J, Marshall H, Knapp LA & Cowlishaw G (2010) A female signal reflects MHC genotype in a social primate. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 96.

Wang J, Brekke P, Huchard E, Knapp L, & Cowlishaw G (2010) Estimation of parameters of inbreeding and genetic drift in populations with overlapping generations. Evolution 64: 1704–1718.

2009

Alvergne A, Huchard E, Caillaud D, Charpentier MJE, Setchell JM, Ruppli C, Fejan D, Martinez L, Cowlishaw G & Raymond M (2009) Human ability to visually recognize kin within primates. International Journal of Primatology 30: 199–210.

Huchard E, Benavides J, Setchell J, Charpentier MJE, Alvergne A, King A, Knapp LA, Cowlishaw G & Raymond M (2009). The importance of shape in sexual signals: evidence from primate sexual swellings. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 63: 1231–1242.

Huchard E, Courtiol A, Benavides J, Knapp LA, Raymond M & Cowlishaw G (2009) Can fertility signals lead to quality signals? Insights from the evolution of primate sexual swellings. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 276: 1889–1897.

King AJ & Cowlishaw G (2009a) Feeding benefits drive interspecific associations between rock kestrels and desert baboons. Journal of Zoology 277: 111–118.

King AJ & Cowlishaw G (2009b) Leaders, followers, and group decision-making. Communicative and Integrative Biology 2: 2.

King AJ & Cowlishaw G (2009c) All together now: behavioural synchrony in baboons. Animal Behaviour 78: 1381–1387.

King AJ, Isaac NJB & Cowlishaw G (2009) Ecological, social, and reproductive factors shape producer-scrounger dynamics in baboons. Behavioral Ecology 20: 1039–1049.

2008

Huchard E, Weill M, Raymond M, Cowlishaw G & Knapp LA (2008) Polymorphism, haplotype composition, and selection in the Mhc-DRB of wild baboons. Immunogenetics 60: 585–598.

King AJ, Douglas C, Huchard E, Isaac N & Cowlishaw G (2008) Dominance and affiliation mediate despotism in a social primate. Current Biology 18: 1833–1838. [with commentary]

Rands SA, Cowlishaw G, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Johnstone RA. (2008) The emergence of leaders and followers in foraging pairs when the qualities of individuals differ. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 51.

2007

King A & Cowlishaw G (2007) When to use social information: the advantage of large group size in individual decision making. Biology Letters 3: 137–139.

2006

Huchard E, Cowlishaw G, Raymond M, Weill M & Knapp LAP (2006) Molecular study of Mhc-DRB in wild chacma baboons reveals high variability and evidence for transpecies inheritance. Immunogenetics 58: 805–816.

Rands SA, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2006) Social foraging and dominance relationships: the effects of socially-mediated interference. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 60: 572–581.

2000–2005

Cowlishaw G, Lawes MJ, Lightbody M, Martin A, Pettifor R & Rowcliffe JM (2004) A simple rule for the costs of vigilance: empirical evidence from a social forager. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 271: 27–33.

Rands SA, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2004) State-dependent foraging rules for social animals in selfish herds. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 271: 2613–2620.

Rands SA, Cowlishaw G, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Johnstone RA (2003) The spontaneous emergence of leaders and followers in foraging groups. Nature 423: 432–434.

1994–1999

Cowlishaw G (1999b) Ecological and social determinants of spacing behaviour in desert baboon groups. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 45: 67–77.

Cowlishaw G (1998) The role of vigilance in the survival and reproductive strategies of desert baboons. Behaviour 135: 431–452.

Cowlishaw G (1997a) Trade-offs between foraging and predation risk determine habitat use in a desert baboon population. Animal Behaviour 53: 667–686.

Cowlishaw G (1997b) Refuge use and predation risk in a desert baboon population. Animal Behaviour 54: 241–253.

Cowlishaw G (1997c) Alarm calling and implications for risk perception in a desert baboon population. Ethology 103: 384–394.

Cowlishaw G & Davies JG (1997) Flora of the Pro-Namib Desert Swakop River Catchment: community classification and implications for desert vegetation sampling. Journal of Arid Environments 36: 271–290.

Cowlishaw G (1995) Behavioural patterns during baboon group encounters: the role of resource competition and male reproductive strategies. Behaviour 132: 75–86.

Cowlishaw G (1994) Vulnerability to predation in baboon populations. Behaviour 131: 293–304.

O'Connell SM & Cowlishaw G (1994) Infanticide avoidance, sperm competition and mate choice: the function of copulation calls in female baboons. Animal Behaviour 48: 687–694.
 

The Bushmeat Research Programme

2021

Ingram DJ, Coad L, Milner-Gulland EJ, Parry L, Wilkie D, Bakarr MI, Benítez-López A, Bennett EL, Bodmer R, Cowlishaw G, El Bizri HR, Eves HE, Fa JE, Golden CD, Iponga DM, Văn Minh N, Morcatty TQ, Mwinyihali R, Nasi R, Nijman V, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y, Pattiselanno F, Peres CA, Rao M, Robinson JG, Rowcliffe M, Stafford C, Supuma M, Tarla FN van Vliet N, Wieland M, Abernethy K. (2021) Wild meat is still on the menu: Progress in wild meat research, policy and practice from 2002 to 2020. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 46: 221-264.

2017

Schulte-Herbrüggen B, Cowlishaw G, Homewood K, Rowcliffe M (2017) Rural protein insufficiency in a wildlife-depleted West African farm-forest landscape. PLoS One 12: e0188109.

2016

McNamara J, Rowcliffe M, Cowlishaw G, Alexander JS, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y, Brenya A & Milner-Gulland EJ (2016) Characterising wildlife trade market supply-demand dynamics. PLoS One 11(9): e0162972.

2015

McNamara J, Kusimi JM, Rowcliffe JM, Cowlishaw G, Brenyah A & Milner-Gulland EJ (2015) Long-term spatio-temporal changes in a West African bushmeat trade system. Conservation Biology. 29: 1446–1457.

Taylor G, Scharlemann JPW, Rowcliffe M, Kümpel N, Harfoot MBJ, Fa JE, Melisch R, Milner-Gulland EJ, Bhagwat S, Abernethy KA, Ajonina AS, Albrechtsen L, Allebone-Webb S, Brown E, Brugiere D, Clark C, Colell M, Cowlishaw G, Crookes D, De Merode E, Dupain J, East T, Edderai D, Elkan P, Gill D, Greengrass E, Hodgkinson C, Ilambu O, Jeanmart P, Juste J, Linder JM, Macdonald DW, Noss AJ, Okorie PU, Okouyi VJJ, Pailler S, Poulsen JR, Riddell M, Schleicher J, Schulte-Herbrüggen B, Starkey M, van Vliet N, Whitham C, Willcox AS, Wilkie DS, Wright JH & Coad LM (2015) Synthesising bushmeat research effort in West and Central Africa: a new regional database. Biological Conservation 181: 199–205.

2013

Schulte-Herbruggen B, Rowcliffe MJ, Homewood K, Kurpiers LA, Whitham C & Cowlishaw G. (2013) Wildlife depletion in a West-African farm-forest mosaic and the implications for hunting across the landscape. Human Ecology 41: 795–806. doi:10.1007/s10745-013-9609-5

Schulte-Herbruggen B, Homewood K, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe MJ. (2013) The importance of bushmeat in the livelihoods of West African cash-crop farmers living in a faunally-depleted landscape. PLoS One 8: e72807

2011

Allebone-Webb SM, Kümpel NF, Rist J, Cowlishaw G, Rowcliffe JM & Milner-Gulland EJ (2011) Use of market data to assess bushmeat hunting sustainability in Equatorial Guinea. Conservation Biology 25: 597–606.

2010

Kümpel NF, Milner-Gulland EJ, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe JM (2010a) Incentives for hunting: the role of bushmeat in the household economy in rural Equatorial Guinea. Human Ecology 38: 251–264.

Kümpel NF, Milner-Gulland EJ, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe JM (2010b) Assessing sustainability at multiple scales in a rotational bushmeat hunting system. Conservation Biology 24: 861–871.

Rist J, Milner-Gulland EJ, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe JM (2010) Hunter reporting of catch per unit effort as a monitoring tool in a bushmeat harvesting system. Conservation Biology 24: 489–499.

2009

Kümpel NF, Rowcliffe JM, Cowlishaw G & Milner-Gulland EJ (2009) Trapper profiles and strategies: insights into sustainability from hunter behaviour. Animal Conservation 12: 531–539.

Rist J, Milner-Gulland EJ, Cowlishaw G, & Rowcliffe JM (2009) The importance of hunting and habitat in determining the abundance of tropical forest species. Biotropica 41: 700–710.

2008

Kümpel N, Milner-Gulland EJ, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2008) Impact of gun hunting on diurnal primates in continental Equatorial Guinea. International Journal of Primatology 29: 1065–82.

Rist J, Rowcliffe JM, Cowlishaw G & Milner-Gulland EJ (2008) Evaluating measures of hunting effort in a bushmeat hunting system. Biological Conservation 141: 2086–99.

2007

Bennett EL, Blencowe E, Brandon K, Brown D, Burn RW, Cowlishaw G, Davies G, Dublin H, Fa JE, Milner-Gulland EJ, Robinson JG, Rowcliffe JM, Underwood FM & Wilkie DS (2007) Hunting for Consensus: reconciling bushmeat harvest, conservation and development policy in west and central Africa. Conservation Biology 21: 884–887.

Cowlishaw G, Mendelson S & Rowcliffe JM (2007) Livelihoods and sustainability in a bushmeat commodity chain, Ghana. In: Bushmeat and Livelihoods (eds G. Davies & D. Brown), pp. 32–46. Blackwell: Oxford.

de Merode E, Hillman-Smith K, Homewood K, Pettifor RA, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2007) The impact of armed conflict on protected area efficacy in Central Africa. Biology Letters 3: 299–301.

Kümpel NF, East T, Keylock N, Cowlishaw G, Milner-Gulland EJ & Rowcliffe JM (2007) Determinants of bushmeat consumption in Rio Muni, Equatorial Guinea: an urban-rural comparison. In: Bushmeat and Livelihoods (eds G Davies & D Brown), pp. 73–91. Blackwell: Oxford.

2006

de Merode E & Cowlishaw G (2006) Species protection, the changing informal economy, and the politics of access to the bushmeat trade in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Conservation Biology 20: 1262–1271.

2005

Cowlishaw G, Mendelson S & Rowcliffe JM (2005a) Evidence for post-depletion sustainability in a mature bushmeat market. Journal of Applied Ecology 42: 460–468.

Cowlishaw G, Mendelson S & Rowcliffe JM (2005b) Structure and operation of a bushmeat commodity chain in Southwestern Ghana. Conservation Biology 19: 139–149.

Rowcliffe JM, Milner-Gulland EJ & Cowlishaw G (2005) Do bushmeat consumers have other fish to fry? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 274–276.

2004

de Merode E, Homewood K & Cowlishaw G (2004) The value of bushmeat and other wild foods to rural households living in extreme poverty in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Biological Conservation 118: 573– 581.

Rowcliffe JM, de Merode E & Cowlishaw G (2004) Do wildlife laws work? Species protection and the application of a prey choice model to poaching decisions. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 271: 2631–2636.

2003

Cowlishaw G (2003) A dish to die for. Nature 424: 131.

Mendelson S, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe JM (2003) Anatomy of a bushmeat commodity chain in Takoradi, Ghana. The Journal of Peasant Studies 31: 73–100.

Milner-Gulland EJ, Bennett EL & the SCB Wild Meat Group (2003) Wild meat – the bigger picture. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18: 351–357.

Rowcliffe JM, Cowlishaw G & Long J (2003) A model of human hunting impacts in multi-prey communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 40: 872–889.
 

The Dynamics of Species Extinctions

(In order of publication)

Norman M, Rowden LJ, Cowlishaw G. (2021) Potential applications of personality assessments to the management of non-human primates: a review of 10 years of study. PeerJ 9: e12044.

Junker J, Petrovan SO, Arroyo-Rodríguez V, Boonratana R, Byler D, Chapman CA, Chetry D, Cheyne SM, Cornejo FM, Cortés-Ortiz L, Cowlishaw G, Christie AP, Crockford C, de la Torre S, de Melo FR, Fan P, Grueter GC, Guzmán Caro DC,  Heymann EW, Herbinger I, Hoang MD, Horwich RH, Humle T, Ikemeh RA, Imong IS, Jerusalinsky L, Johnson SE, Kappeler PM, Kierulff MCM, Koné I, Kormos R, Le KQ, Li BG, Marshall AJ, Meijard E,Mittermeier RA, Muroyama Y, Neugebauer E, Orth L, Palacios E, Papworth SK, Plumptre A, Rawson BM, Refisch J, Ratsimbazafy J, Roos C, Setchell J, Smith R, Sop T, Schwitzer C, Slater K, Strum SC, Sutherland WJ, Talebi M, Wallis J, Wich S, Williamson L, Wittig RM, Kühl HS. (2020) Severe lack of evidence limits effective conservation of the world’s primates. Bioscience 70: 794-803.

Ameca EI, Mace GM, Cowlishaw G. Pettorelli N (2019) Relative vulnerability to hurricane disturbance for endangered mammals in Mexico: a call for adaptation strategies under uncertainty. Animal Conservation 22: 262-273.

Dunbar RIM, Cheyne S, Daoying L, Korstjens A, Lehmann J, Cowlishaw G (2019) Environment and time as constraints on the biogeographical distribution of gibbons. American Journal of Primatology 81: e22940.

Zhang L, Ameca EI, Cowlishaw G, Pettorelli N, Foden W, Mace GM (2019) Global assessment of primate vulnerability to extreme climatic events. Nature Climate Change 9: 554-561. 

Ameca y Juárez EI, Mace GM, Cowlishaw G & Pettorelli N (2014), Identifying species' characteristics associated with natural population die-offs in mammals. Animal Conservation, 17: 35–43.

Ameca y Juarez EI, Mace GM, Cowlishaw G, Cornforth WA & Pettorelli N (2013) Assessing exposure to extreme climatic events for terrestrial mammals. Conservation Letters 6: 145–153.

Ameca y Juarez EI, Mace GM, Cowlishaw G & Pettorelli N (2012) Natural population die-offs: causes and consequences for terrestrial mammals. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 27: 272–277.

Cowlishaw G, Pettifor RA & Isaac NJB (2009) High variability in patterns of population decline: the importance of local processes in species extinctions. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 276: 63–69.

Anderson J, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2007a) Does the matrix matter? A forest primate in a complex agricultural landscape. Biological Conservation 135: 212–222.

Anderson J, Rowcliffe JM & Cowlishaw G (2007b) The Angola black-and-white colobus (Colobus angolensis palliatus) in Kenya: historical range contraction and current conservation status. American Journal of Primatology 69: 664–680.

Anderson J, Cowlishaw G & Rowcliffe JM (2007) Forest fragmentation and habitat quality: effects on the abundance of the Angolan black-and-white colobus monkey (Colobus angolensis palliatus) in Kenya’s coastal forests. International Journal of Primatology 28: 637–655.

Isaac NJB & Cowlishaw G (2004) How species respond to multiple extinction threats. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 271: 1135–1141.

Cowlishaw G & Dunbar RIM (2000) Primate Conservation Biology. Chicago University Press: Chicago.

Mace GM, Balmford A, Boitani L, Cowlishaw G, Dobson AP, Faith DP, Gaston KJ, Humphries CJ, Lawton JH, Margules CR, May RM, Nicholls AO, Possingham HP, Rahbek C, van Jaarsveld AS, Vane-Wright RI & Williams PH (2000) It’s time to work together and stop duplicating conservation efforts… Nature 405: 393

Purvis A, Gittleman JL, Cowlishaw G & Mace GM (2000) Predicting extinction risk in declining species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 267: 1947–1952.

Cowlishaw G (1999) Predicting the pattern of decline of African primate diversity: an extinction debt from historical deforestation. Conservation Biology 13: 1183–1193.

Hacker JE, Cowlishaw G & Williams PH (1998). Patterns of African primate diversity and their evaluation for the selection of conservation areas. Biological Conservation 84: 251–262.

Cowlishaw G & Hacker JE (1997) Distribution, diversity and latitude in African primates. The American Naturalist 150: 505–512.
 

Others

Pearce F, Carbone C, Cowlishaw G & Isaac N. (2012) Space use scaling and home range overlap in primates. Proceedings B: Biological Sciences 280: 20122122.

Carbone C, Isaac NJB, Cowlishaw G, & Rowcliffe JM (2007) The scaling of abundance in consumers and their resources: implications for the energy equivalence rule. American Naturalist 170: 479–484.

Cowlishaw G (2006) The greatest of apes. Science 311: 1714.

Carbone C, Cowlishaw G, Isaac NJB & Rowcliffe JM (2005) How far do mammals go? Determinants of day range in mammals. American Naturalist 165: 290–297.

Semple S, Cowlishaw G & Bennett PM (2002) Immune system evolution among anthropoid primates: parasites, injuries and predators. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269: 1031–1038.

Cowlishaw G (1996) Sexual selection and information content in gibbon song bouts. Ethology 102: 272–284.

Cowlishaw G & Mace R (1996) Cross-cultural patterns of marriage and inheritance: a phylogenetic approach. Ethology and Sociobiology (now Evolution and Human Behaviour) 17: 87–97.

Cowlishaw G (1992) Song function in gibbons. Behaviour 121: 131–153.

Cowlishaw G & Dunbar RIM (1991) Dominance rank and mating success in male primates. Animal Behaviour 41: 1045–56.